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    A comparison of the vasodilatory effects of verapamil, papaverine and nitroglycerin on isolated rat aorta
    (Baycinar Medical Publ-Baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2013) Ege, Turan; Halıcı, Umit; Gür, Özcan; Gürkan, Selami; Özkaramanlı Gür, Demet; Duran, Enver
    Background: This study aims to compare the vasodilatory effects of verapamil, papaverine and nitroglycerin on rat aortic preparations in in vitro isolated tissue bath system and to evaluate the role of vascular endothelium on vasodilatory responses of the isolated rat aorta samples. Methods: The thoracic aorta segments collected from 30 male Wistar rats (20 endothelialized and 20 de-endothelialized vascular rings for each drug in 2 mm wide strips, total number of 120 vascular rings) were suspended into the Krebs solution of the isolated tissue bath system. Phenylephrine was used to induce isometric contraction and tissue samples were treated with verapamil, papaverine and nitroglycerin separately to draw concentration-response curves of isometric vasodilatory responses. This procedure was repeated for de-endothelialized aorta samples. Results: Papaverine and verapamil induced vasodilatatory responses starting from the concentration of 10(-8) M and reached its maximum at concentration of 10(-3) M, while nitroglycerin induced vasodilation at lower concentrations starting from a concentration of 10(-12) M, reaching its maximum at 10(-6) M. Nitroglycerin was the most potent agent, followed by verapamil and papaverine. Efficacy analysis revealed that the most efficient agents were papaverine (140 +/- 6.7%), nitroglycerin (110.8 +/- 1.35%) and verapamil (99 +/- 4.14%), respectively. The results were similar in aorta samples without endothelium (p >= 0.05, F test). Conclusion: In this study examining isolated rat aorta, nitroglycerin was the most potent agent, while papaverine was the most efficient agent. Our study results showed that endothelium played no role in vasodilatation responses of these drugs.
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    Management of pericardial effusion by subxiphoidal pericardiostomy in adults
    (Baycinar Medical Publ-Baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2012) Yüksel, Volkan; Hüseyin, Serhat; Okyay, Ahmet; Gürkan, Selami; Gür, Özcan; Canbaz, Suat; Duran, Enver
    Background: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of subxiphoid pericardiostomies in the treatment of patients with pericardial effusion (PE) and to discuss the etiology for this patient population. Methods: Between January 2004 and January 2011, 148 patients (77 males, 71 females; mean age 60.1 +/- 12.3 years; range 34 to 89 years;) who underwent a subxiphoid pericardiostomy and tube drainage due to a diagnosis of PE were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Echocardiography classified PE as severe in 36 patients, moderate in 68, and mild in 44. The main causes of PE were uremia and malignancy along with idiopathic and undefined tuberculous and non-tuberculous pericarditis. A perioperative myocardial injury requiring a sternotomy occurred in two patients. A histopathological examination contributed to the diagnosis in 84.3% of the patients with malignancy. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 7% (n=11). Pericardial constriction requiring a pericardiectomy developed in two patients. Conclusion: Pericardial effusion can be an effective and quick method for managing adults with subxiphoid pericardiostomy.