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    The Long-Term Impact of Ionizing Radiation on DNA Damage in Patients Undergoing Multiple Cardiac Catheterizations
    (Humana Press Inc, 2023) Cimci, Murat; Batar, Bahadir; Bostanci, Merve; Durmaz, Eser; Karayel, Bahadir; Raimoglou, Damla; Guven, Mehmet
    Ionizing radiation (IR) exposures have increased exponentially in recent years due to the rise in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. A number of small-scale studies investigated the long-term effect of IR on health workers or immediate effects of IR on patients undergoing catheterization procedures; however, the long-term impact of multiple cardiac catheterizations on DNA damage on a patient population is not known. In this study, the effects of IR on DNA damage, based on micronuclei (MN) frequency and 8-hydroxy-2 & PRIME;-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as markers in peripheral lymphocytes, were evaluated in patients who previously underwent multiple cardiac catheterization procedures. Moreover, genetic polymorphisms in genes PARP1 Val762Ala, OGG1 Ser326Cys, and APE1 Asn148Glu as a measure of sensitivity to radiation exposure were also investigated in the same patient population. The patients who underwent & GE; 3 cardiac catheterization procedures revealed higher DNA injury in comparison to the patients who underwent & LE; 2 procedures, documented with the presence of higher level of MN frequency (6.4 & PLUSMN; 4.8 vs. 9.1 & PLUSMN; 4.3, p = 0.002) and elevated serum 8-OHdG levels (33.7 & PLUSMN; 3.8 ng/mL vs. 17.4 & PLUSMN; 1.9 ng/mL, p = 0.001). Besides, OGG1 Ser326Cys and APE1 Asn148Glu heterozygous and homozygous polymorphic types, which are related with DNA repair mechanisms, were significantly associated with MN frequency levels (p = 0.006 for heterozygous and p = 0.001 for homozygous with respect to OGG1 Ser326Cys, p = 0.007 for heterozygous and p = 0.001 for homozygous with respect to APE1 Asn148Glu). There was no significant difference in terms of PARP1 Val762Ala gene polymorphism between two groups.