Yazar "Carbonneau, Alain" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 6 / 6
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Early water stress effects on pollen viability, berry set and embryo development in cv. 'Syrah' (Vitis vinifera L.)(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2019) Korkutal, İlknur; Bahar, Elman; Carbonneau, AlainEarly water deficit at bloom results in poor berry set and/or a grape yield reduction. The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of early water stress in a berry's development. The experiment was carried out in a SupAgro ECOTRON System in Montpellier, France. Seven year- old 'Syrah' vines were used. The pot's surface was protected from rainfall, and the growing medium was perlite+coarse sand with controlled drainage. The treatments were WS0 (control): 41/day, WS1.: 3 l/day, WS2 : 2 l/day, and WS3 : 1 l/day. 'Ihe water deficit was carried out from the 17th to the 27th Eichhorn-Lorenz (E-L) stages. In order to emphasise details of the embryo development, a paraffin section method and technique was used. With the early water stress, there was no effect on the pollen viability and pollen germination ratios. The berry set ratio was reduced and the berry development were affected negatively by the early water stress. Between the 19th and the 27th E-L stages, an early water stress in 'Syrah' was noted, with decreases in the pre-dawn leaf water potential values below -0.8 MPa. The water deficit affected the berry growth and the development negatively.Öğe Effects of early water stress levels on berry set and berry development in Merlot cv. (Vitis vinifera L.)(Academic Journals, 2011) Korkutal, İlknur; Carbonneau, Alain; Bahar, ElmanEarly water deficit at flowering results in poor berry set or aborted grape yield reduction. The main aim of this study was to find out the effects of water stress levels on berry set and embryo berry development. This study was carried out in Montpellier using by ECOTRON System, SupAgro/INRA, France. Seven years old Merlot / SO4 grafting combination was used as a plant material. Potted grapevines were grown under natural conditions in open field. A randomized block design was used with 3 replications and each parcel had 2 grapevines and 4 water stress levels. Stress Levels were WS0 (control) 0; -0.2 MPa, WS1 -0.2; -0.4 MPa, WS2 -0.4; -0.6 MPa, and WS3 -0.6; -0.8 MPa, respectively. The stress period was started in the second week of May in the 17th E-L stage and ended in the second week of June in 27th E-L stage. Flower samples from clusters were collected in three days intervals and samples were examined by Technovit method. Under this early water stress conditions, the pollen viability and pollen germination ratios were not affected, but berry set ratio, phenologic stages and berry development were negatively affected. It was determined in Merlot cv. early water stress (between 19th to 29th stages) should be avoided especially when psi(pd) values decrease below -0.4MPaÖğe Effects of Early Water Stress on Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) Growing in Cv. Syrah(Corvinus Univ Budapest, 2019) Korkutal, İlknur; Bahar, Elman; Carbonneau, AlainWater deficit is a major issue in grapevine production. The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of early water stress on the growing and yield of grapevine. The research was performed in SupAgro/INRA in Montpellier using the ECOTRON System, France. Syrah/SO4 graft combination was used as a plant material. 7 years old and potted grapevines were grown/kept in natural vineyard conditions. A completely randomized block design was used: WS0(control) 0; -0.2 MPa, WS1 -0.2; -0.4 MPa, WS2-0.4; -0.6 MPa, and WS3 -0.6; -0.8 MPa respectively. The limitation of water was started the 15th of May in the 17th E-L stage and ended about the 15th of June in the 27th E-L stage. Analysis of variance was performed on the agronomic data using the MSTAT-C. Means were separated using the LSD test (P < 0.01). It was determined that there was a reduction in vegetative growth. Also the predawn leaf water potential results showed differences between the irrigation levels. These results indicated that the lowest psi(pd) in WS3 was -0.80 MPa. There was an approximately 55 cm difference determined between the control and other groups in shoot lenghts. Besides that the average cluster weight was reduced by about 41% and the yield by about 28% under the early water deficit conditions.Öğe Growth and yield responses of cv. Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) to early water stress(Academic Journals, 2011) Korkutal, İlknur; Bahar, Elman; Carbonneau, AlainReproductive growth is less sensitive to water deficit than vegetative growth. For this purpose, the main aim of this study is to find out the effects of early water deficits on vegetative and generative development of Merlot/SO4 grapevines. This research was carried out in ECOTRON System, Montpellier - SupAgro/INRA, 03 degrees 51'22 '' E and 43 degrees 37'04 '' N and 40 m altitude. The stressed period was started in the 17(th) E-L stage on the second week of May and stopped in 27(th) E-L stages on the second week of June. Four stress groups were established which were; well watered WS0 as a control (4 L day(-1)), second was WS1 (3 L day(-1)) third was WS2 (2 L day(-1)) and the fourth was WS3 (1 L day(-1)) respectively. A randomized complete block design was used and treatments were compared using LSD test to determine the significant differences. In water deficit treatments yellowing of the leaves and partial leaf fall at the shoot bases were observed at WS2 and WS3 plants. Final measurements of shoot lengths showed about 60 cm differences between control and stressed grapevines. Shoot elongation was suppressed linearly to increase water deficit. When the average cluster weights and yield per vine in the control were compared with WS3 about 50% reduction was found. It can be stated that the most sensitive period was between 17th and 27th Eichhorn and Lorenz phenological stages which negatively affect the yield of Merlot cv.Öğe The effect of extreme water stress on leaf drying limits and possibilities of recovering in three grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars(Academic Journals, 2011) Bahar, Elman; Carbonneau, Alain; Korkutal, İlknurThis study was conducted in three grapevine cultivars (cv. Chardonnay, Merlot and Cabernet-Sauvignon) vines during the 2009 growing season in the ECOTRON of the campus of Montpellier SupAgro/France. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of sudden and extreme water stress (EWS) to determine the limit of the leaf drying (depend on. leaf), possibilities of recovering, and its relationship with grapes composition. A randomized block design was used. There were three blocks with three replicates. In the experiment all plots consisted of totally 36 grapevines. During the entire experiment in ESW vines both psi(pd) and psi(md) values were close to each other by decreasing to about -2.1 MPa in all three varieties. After this level (-2.1 MPa) they both get close to each other until their equality in -3.7 MPa. This value was determined as the threshold of all leaf dryings in the vines. In EWS vines the lowest read psi(pd) and psi(md) was -4.6 MPa. In the next measurement psi(pd) and psi(md) were forced to -5.0 MPa, and water exit from leaf petiole was not observed in the same vines. After EWS treatment, berries became smaller and these lead to increase of Anthocyanin concentration, Folin-Ciocalteu index (FCI) and PTI values at harvest time. However as a result of EWS applications pH values increased to a level which had a negative effect on wine quality. There was a reduction in the values of 100 berry weight, berry volume, total soluble solids (TSS), sugar concentration, sugar content per berry, K and tartaric acid. The conclusion is that as a result of sudden EWS although all the leaves dried, vines did not die even they recovered by rewatering. However EWS had a negative effect on the berry quality.Öğe Vine and Berry Responses to Severe Water Stress in Different Stages in cv Syrah (Vitis vinifera L.)(Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, 2017) Bahar, Elman; Carbonneau, Alain; Korkutal, IlknurThis experiment was carried out during the 2009 growing season in order to evaluate the ecophysiology and quality characteristics of cv. Syrah (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto SO4 in the ECOTRON vineyard in Montpellier SupAgro/INRA in France. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of sudden and severe water stress (SWS) on the ecophysiological changes, volume losses and shrivellings in grape berries. Also possibilities of existence of recovery, and its possible relationship with SWS and final grapes composition at different phenological stages in cv. Syrah were studied. Three water regime levels; Control (only very mild water stress) and 2 severe water stress levels, SWS1 and SWS2 were established depending on the ?pd. Stressed periods were started at the BV, MM and EM phenological stages. A randomized block design was used. The experimental plots consisted of 54 vines totally. All data analyses were performed with MSTAT-C Statistical Software (Michigan State University) and LSD tests were done for significant differences of measured traits between groups. Minimum ?pd values in BV were -0.28MPa, -1.79MPa, -2.16MPa¸ in MM were -0.14MPa; -1.58MPa, -2.72MPa, in EM were -0.16MPa; -2.37MPa, -2.76MPa for Control, SWS1 and SWS2 respectively. Notice that such low predawn total leaf water potential are really exceptional, and at that level the regulation of the osmotic potential is critical. In the berry volume a limited recovery determined after about 13.00- 26.00% volume loss for SWS1 and SWS2 respectively along stressed periods. At harvest; berry volume (cm3 ), 100- berry weight (g), total soluble solids (°Brix), pH, total acidity (g tartaric acid L-1 ), Tartaric acid (g L-1 ), K (g L-1 ), TPI and Anthocyanins (mg L-1 ) were analysed. Berry volume loss rate (%) and mg sugar per 1g berry were calculated. SWS had a negative effect on the sugar per 1g berry, 100 berry weight, berry volume, TSS and positive effect on the anthocyanin concentrations and TPI at three phenological stages. This can open new ways for irrigation monitoring in combination with too high berry sugar content due to the climate change.
